The construction of the foot is fashioned by 26 bones which might be subdivided into three teams:phalanges,metatarsusandtarsus.The bones of the foot are:
- Calcaneus;
- Talus;
- Cuboid;
- Navicular;
- Cuneiforms (3 bones);
- Metatarsal bones (5 bones);
- Distal, center and proximal phalanges (14 bones).
Toes play an important position within the human physique, as they assist a person transfer round.
The anatomy of the foot is made up of bones, muscle tissues, nerves and joints that additionally permit it to help the physique’s weight and supply the help that retains it in an upright place.
Plantar view of the three components of the correct foot
Tarsal Bones
The tarsus is the posterior and higher a part of the foot. It consists of seven tarsal bones, organized in two teams:proximal tarsusanddistal tarsus.
- Proximal tarsus
The proximal tarsus is fashioned by thetalusand thecalcaneus.
The talus is the second largest bone within the foot, and helps join it to the leg on the ankle joint. It’s a bone that articulates with the tibia.
The calcaneus, which is the biggest bone within the foot, serves as help for the talus and performs an important position in supporting the load and stability of the human physique.
- Distal tarsus
It’s fashioned by 5 completely different bones: navicular, cuboid, medial cuneiform, intermediate (center) cuneiform and lateral cuneiform.
Of all of the tarsal bones, the cuboid is essentially the most laterally positioned.
The navicular bone is of nice significance for shifting the foot outwards and inwards, performing rotation.
The cuneiform bones are positioned between the navicular bone and the metatarsal bones.
Metatarsal Bones
The metatarsal is the medial area of the foot and consists of 5 bones. Its anatomy has a barely arched form, which contributes to the arch form of the underside of the foot.
The metatarsal bones are lengthy and have the perform of connecting the tarsal bones to the phalanx, thus being associated to the toes.
They’re numbered from I to V from the medial aspect, that’s, beginning on the hallux.
The numbering is from left to proper. Thus, the hallux has the primary metatarsal and so forth.
Phalanx Bones
The phalanges are bones which might be subdivided into three teams:distal phalanx,center phalanxandproximal phalanx.
Nearly all toes have three phalanges. The one exception is the hallux, which has solely two: the proximal and the distal.
Every foot has a complete of 14 phalanges. They’re the ends of the foot bones.
In purple: distal phalanges; in yellow: center phalanges; in inexperienced: proximal phalanges
Curiosities in regards to the foot
A new child child has a single bone within the foot, and several other cartilages.
When a baby reaches three years of age, a lot of the cartilage that was within the foot as a new child is transformed into bone tissue and by round six years of age, the kid already has all the bone construction of the foot fashioned.
A person’s foot often reaches its most measurement when she or he is round 20 years previous.
To be taught extra in regards to the bones of the human physique, see additionally: